MySQLNonTransientConnectionException导致服务器500错误
测试接口时,经常第一个请求报服务器500错误。上网查到以下资料:
MySQLNonTransientConnectionException
2010-04-13 16:13
最近的一个项目在Hibernate使用C3P0的连接池,数据库为Mysql。开发测试没有问题,在运行中每个一段长的空闲时间就出现异常:
java 代码
[*]org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: could not execute query
[*]at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:74)
[*]at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:43)
[*].......
[*]Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLNonTransientConnectionException: No operations allowed after connection closed.Connection was implicitly closed due to underlying exception/error:
[*]
[*]
[*]** BEGIN NESTED EXCEPTION **
[*]
[*]com.mysql.jdbc.CommunicationsException
[*]MESSAGE: Communications link failure due to underlying exception:
[*]
[*]** BEGIN NESTED EXCEPTION **
[*]
[*]java.net.SocketException
[*]MESSAGE: Broken pipe
[*]
[*]STACKTRACE:
[*]
[*]java.net.SocketException: Broken pipe
[*]at java.net.SocketOutputStream.socketWrite0(Native Method)
[*]......
[*]** END NESTED EXCEPTION **
查看了Mysql的文档,以及Connector/J的文档以及在线说明发现,出现这种异常的原因是:
Mysql服务器默认的“wait_timeout”是8小时,也就是说一个connection空闲超过8个小时,Mysql将自动断开该 connection。这就是问题的所在,在C3P0 pools中的connections如果空闲超过8小时,Mysql将其断开,而C3P0并不知道该connection已经失效,如果这时有 Client请求connection,C3P0将该失效的Connection提供给Client,将会造成上面的异常。
解决的方法:
一、DBCP增加以下配置信息:
[*]//set to 'select 1'
[*]validationQuery = "select 1"
[*]//set to 'true'
[*]testWhileIdle = "true"
[*]//some positive integer
[*]timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = 3600000
[*]//set to something smaller than 'wait_timeout'
[*]minEvictableIdleTimeMillis = 18000000
[*]//if you don't mind a hit for every getConnection(), set to "true"
[*]testOnBorrow = "true"
二、C3P0增加以下配置信息:
[*]//获取connnection时测试是否有效
[*]testConnectionOnCheckin = true
[*]//自动测试的table名称
[*]automaticTestTable=C3P0TestTable
[*]//set to something much less than wait_timeout, prevents connections from going stale
[*]idleConnectionTestPeriod = 18000
[*]//set to something slightly less than wait_timeout, preventing 'stale' connections from being handed out
[*]maxIdleTime = 25000
[*]//if you can take the performance 'hit', set to "true"
[*]testConnectionOnCheckout = true
三、MySQL官方不推荐使用autoReconnect=true,参见 http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=5020
需要另外找别的办法来解决这个问题。
四、由于问题产生的根本原因在于服务到数据库的连接长时间没活动,既然重新连接的办法无效,就可以尝试另外一种办法,就是反空闲。
自己写一个线程来反空闲的话,比较麻烦。
最后在网上找到一个办法。为hibernate配置连接池,推荐用c3p0,然后配置c3p0的反空闲设置idle_test_period,只要小于MySQL的wait timeout即可。
在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加下面几项:
<!-- configuration pool via c3p0-->
<property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>
<property name="c3p0.min_size">5</property>
<property name="c3p0.max_size">30</property>
<property name="c3p0.time_out">1800</property> <!-- seconds --><!-- default: 0 -->
<property name="c3p0.max_statement">50</property> <!-- default: 0 -->
<property name="c3p0.acquire_increment">1</property> <!-- default: 1 -->
<property name="c3p0.idle_test_period">120</property> <!-- seconds --><!-- default: 0 -->
<property name="c3p0.validate">true</property>
五、 上述问题是由mysql5数据库的配置引起的。mysql5将其连接的等待时间(wait_timeout)缺省为8小时。在其客户程序中可以这样来查看其值:
mysql﹥
mysql﹥ show global variables like 'wait_timeout';
查看mysql5的手册,发现对wait_timeout的最大值分别是24天/365天(windows/linux)。以windows为 例,假设我们要将其设为21天,我们只要修改mysql5的配置文件“my.ini”(mysql5 installation dir),增加一行:wait_timeout=1814400
最后解决方案是在
applicationContext.xml里注入
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="120"/>
</bean>
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