php中email的发送
在php中发送Email可以直接调用系统的mail()函数来完成，但是前提是你在php.ini文件中对mail都已经配置好了，以下为相关的配置信息：; For Win32 only.SMTP = localhostsmtp_port = 25; For Win32 only.;sendmail_from = me@example.com; For Unix only.You may supply arguments as well (default: "sendmail -t -i").;sendmail_path =; Force the addition of the specified parameters to be passed as extra parameters; to the sendmail binary. These parameters will always replace the value of; the 5th parameter to mail(), even in safe mode.;mail.force_extra_parameters =
Mail 配置选项
名称默认描述可更改SMTP"localhost"Windows 专用：SMTP 服务器的 DNS 名称或 IP 地址。PHP_INI_ALLsmtp_port"25"Windows 专用：SMTP 段口号。自 PHP 4.3 起可用。PHP_INI_ALLsendmail_fromNULLWindows 专用：规定从 PHP 发送的邮件中使用的 "from"
地址。
PHP_INI_ALLsendmail_pathNULLUnix 系统专用：规定sendmail 程序的路径（通常 /usr/sbin/sendmail 或 /usr/lib/sendmail）PHP_INI_SYSTEM
上面写的很清楚，要是windows的服务器，必须装好开启本地的smtp服务器，在linux和unix下，要用到sendmail，所以得配置好sendmail，根据自己的实际情况选择适当的配置信息。
mail()函数如果邮件的投递被成功地接收，则返回 true，否则返回 false，语法：
mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers,$parameters)
参数描述$to必需。规定邮件的接收者。$subject必需。规定邮件的主题。该参数不能包含任何换行字符。$message必需。规定要发送的消息。$headers必需。规定额外的报头，比如 From, Cc 以及 Bcc。$parameters必需。规定 sendmail 程序的额外参数。
简单的发封邮件，代码如下：
<?php$txt = "First line of text\nSecond line of text";// 如果一行大于 70 个字符，请使用 wordwrap()。$txt = wordwrap($txt,70);// 发送邮件mail("somebody@example.com","My subject",$txt);?>
如果是一封带HTML格式的Email则代码如下：
<?php$to = "somebody@example.com, somebodyelse@example.com";$subject = "HTML email";$message = "<html><head><title>HTML email</title></head><body><p>This email contains HTML Tags!</p><table><tr><th>Firstname</th><th>Lastname</th></tr><tr><td>John</td><td>Doe</td></tr></table></body></html>";// 当发送 HTML 电子邮件时，请始终设置 content-type$headers = "MIME-Version: 1.0" . "\r\n";$headers .= "Content-type:text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" . "\r\n";// 更多报头$headers .= 'From: <webmaster@example.com>' . "\r\n";$headers .= 'Cc: myboss@example.com' . "\r\n";mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);?>
函数很简单，看似很好用，但是实际上局限性很明显，必须是在本地的开启smtp的情况下，而且经过测试成功率不是很高，所以程序中很少有人用到mail()函数来发邮件。
如果要扩展功能的话，还得重新构造，网上也有好多现成的类可以直接调用来实现，其实就是靠fsockopen来进行连接smtp，下面的代码是个思路：
<?名称：smtpsend.class.php功能:邮件发送类,实现邮件发送功能 ,可以发送html邮件；可验证用户是否具有发送权限；可实现从任意服务器邮箱发送邮件，并非局限于本机。$smtpserver; SMTP服务器$smtpserverport; SMTP服务器端口$smtpuser; SMTP服务器的用户帐号$smtppass; SMTP服务器的用户密码$fromMail; SMTP服务器的用户邮箱$toMail; 发送给谁$subject; 邮件主题$content; 邮件内容$mailtype; 邮件格式（HTML/TXT）,TXT为文本邮件*/class smtpclass{ function smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass){ $this->debug = FALSE; $this->smtp_port = $smtp_port; $this->relay_host = $relay_host; $this->time_out = 60; //is used in fsockopen() $this->auth = $auth;//auth $this->user = $user; $this->pass = $pass; $this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command $this->log_file = ""; $this->sock = FALSE;}/* Main Function */ function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $returnpath = "", $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = ""){$mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from));$body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body); $header = ""; if(isset($returnpath) && $returnpath != "") { $header .= "Reply-To:".$returnpath."\r\n"; }$header .= "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n";if($mailtype=="HTML"){$header .= 'Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312' . "\r\n";}$header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n";if ($cc != "") {$header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n";}$header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n";$header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n";$header .= $additional_headers;$header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n";$header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n";list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());$header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n";$TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to));if ($cc != "") {$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc)));}if ($bcc != "") {$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc)));}$sent = TRUE;foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) {$rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to);if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) {$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n");$sent = FALSE;continue;}if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) {$this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");} else {$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");$sent = FALSE;}fclose($this->sock);$this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n");}return $sent;} /* Private Functions */ function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = ""){if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) {return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");}#authif($this->auth){if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) {return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");}if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) {return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");}}#if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) {return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command");}if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) {return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command");}if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) {return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command");}if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) {return $this->smtp_error("sending message");}if (!$this->smtp_eom()) {return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> ");}if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) {return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command");}return TRUE;}function smtp_sockopen($address){if ($this->relay_host == "") {return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address);} else {return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay();}}function smtp_sockopen_relay(){$this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");$this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");return FALSE;}$this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");return TRUE;} function smtp_sockopen_mx($address){$domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address);if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) {$this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n");return FALSE;}foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) {$this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");$this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {$this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n");$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");continue;}$this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n");return TRUE;}$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n");return FALSE;} function smtp_message($header, $body){fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body);$this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> ")); return TRUE;} function smtp_eom(){fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n");$this->smtp_debug(". \n"); return $this->smtp_ok();} function smtp_ok(){$response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512));$this->smtp_debug($response."\n"); if (!ereg("^", $response)) {fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n");fgets($this->sock, 512);$this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n");return FALSE;}return TRUE;}function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = ""){if ($arg != "") {if($cmd=="") $cmd = $arg;else $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg;}fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n");$this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n");return $this->smtp_ok();}function smtp_error($string){$this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n");return FALSE;}function log_write($message){$this->smtp_debug($message);if ($this->log_file == "") {return TRUE;}$message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message;if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) {$this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n");return FALSE;;}flock($fp, LOCK_EX);fputs($fp, $message);fclose($fp); return TRUE;} function strip_comment($address){ $comment = "\([^()]*\)"; while (ereg($comment, $address)) { $address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address); } return $address;} function get_address($address){ $address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address); $address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address); return $address;}function smtp_debug($message){ if ($this->debug) { echo $message; }} function senduserMail($smtpserver,$smtpserverport=25,$smtpuser,$smtppass,$fromMail,$toMail,$subject,$content,$mailtype='HTML'){ if ($fromMail == "") { die("发件人不能为空！"); } if ($smtpuser == "") { die("用户名不能为空！"); } if ($smtppass == "") { die("用户密码不能为空！"); } if ($subject == "") { die("标题不能为空！"); } if ($toMail == "") { die("收件人不能为空！"); } if ($content == "") { die("内容不能为空！"); } $smtpserver = $smtpserver;//SMTP服务器 $smtpserverport = $smtpserverport;//SMTP服务器端口 $smtpuser = $smtpuser;//SMTP服务器的用户帐号 $smtppass = $smtppass;//SMTP服务器的用户密码 $smtpusermail = $fromMail;//SMTP服务器的用户邮箱 $smtpemailto = $toMail;//发送给谁 $mailsubject = $subject;//邮件主题 $mailbody = $content;//邮件内容 $mailtype = $mailtype;//邮件格式（HTML/TXT）,TXT为文本邮件 $this->smtp($smtpserver,$smtpserverport,true,$smtpuser,$smtppass);//这里面的一个true是表示使用身份验证,否则不使用身份验证. //$smtp->debug = TRUE;//是否显示发送的调试信息 $this->sendmail($smtpemailto, $smtpusermail, $mailsubject, $mailbody, $mailtype);} }//$smtp = new smtpclass();//$smtp->senduserMail("mail.163.com",25,"用户名","密码","xxx@xxx.com.cn","xx@xx.com","测试","测试一下","TXT"); ?>
以上在网上看到的，其实具体的方法都是大同小异，用的很多的是一个开源的角phpmailer，很方便的，源码在附件里，需要的可以下载，这里贴出的是测试代码：
<? require("class.phpmailer.php");require("class.smtp.php");//以下是实例:$mail = new phpmailer(); //建立邮件发送类$address =xxx@xxx.com';$mail->IsSMTP(); // 使用SMTP方式发送$mail->Host = "mail.xxx.com"; // 您的企业邮局域名$mail->SMTPAuth = false; // 启用SMTP验证功能$mail->Username = "xxx"; // 邮局用户名(请填写完整的email地址)$mail->Password = "xxx"; // 邮局密码$mail->From = "xxxx@xxxx.cn"; //邮件发送者email地址$mail->FromName = "您的名称";$mail->AddAddress("$address", "");//收件人地址，可以替换成任何想要接收邮件的email信箱,格式是AddAddress("收件人email","收件人姓名")//$mail->AddReplyTo("", "");//$mail->AddAttachment("/var/tmp/file.tar.gz"); // 添加附件//$mail->IsHTML(true); // set email format to HTML //是否使用HTML格式$mail->Subject = "PHPMailer测试邮件"; //邮件标题$mail->Body = "Hello,这是测试邮件"; //邮件内容$mail->AltBody = "This is the body in plain text for non-HTML mail clients"; //附加信息，可以省略if(!$mail->Send()){ echo "邮件发送失败. <p>"; echo "错误原因: " . $mail->ErrorInfo; exit;}echo "邮件发送成功";?>
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