[总结]RHEL5｜6相关
Console/X Window Switch# /etc/inittab# Console:id:3:initdefault:# X Window: id:5:initdefault:# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)# 1 - Single user mode# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)# 3 - Full multiuser mode# 4 - unused# 5 - X11# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)#id:3:initdefault:
Check / List Running Services
service command - list running services
service --status-allservice --status-all | grep ntpdservice --status-all | less
Print the status of any service
To print the status of apache (httpd) service:
service httpd status
List all known services (configured via SysV)
chkconfig --list
List service and their open ports
netstat -tulpn
Turn on / off service
ntsysvchkconfig service offchkconfig service onchkconfig httpd offchkconfig ntpd on
Other
/sbin/service startstarts the background service/sbin/service stopstops the background service/sbin/service restartrestarts the background service/sbin/service statusdisplays the background service status/sbin/chkconfig ––listdisplays all the available services/sbin/chkconfig ––level 345 onautomatically runs the background service on the next startup/sbin/chkconfig ––level 345 offremoves the background service from the startup list/sbin/chkconfig onenables the on-demand service/sbin/chkconfig offdisables the on-demand service
系统时间与硬件时间同步
vi /etc/crontab#*/3 * * * * root ntpdate time.windows.com* */1 * * * root /sbin/hwclock -s --localtime
Linux Find
find 命令的基本结构：
find start_directorytestoptions criteria_to_matchaction_to_perform_on_results
在以下命令中，find 将开始在目录中查找文件：
find . -name"*.java"find /home/bluher -name \*.javafind /usr /home/tmp -name "*.jar"find /usr /home/tmp -name "*.jar" 2>/dev/nullfind downloads-iname "*.gif"
Ethernet Interfaces
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Static IP
DEVICE=eth0BOOTPROTO=noneONBOOT=yesNETWORK=10.0.1.0NETMASK=255.255.255.0IPADDR=10.0.1.27USERCTL=no
DHCP
DEVICE=eth0BOOTPROTO=dhcpONBOOT=yes
将YUM指定为光盘
1. 将光盘mount起来：
#mount -o loop rhel-5-server-dvd.iso /media/rhel
#mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
或者启动系统默认挂载光盘
#vim /etc/fstab/dev/cdrom /mdeia/rhel iso9660 defaults 0 0
2. 创建repo文件
#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-local.repo
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Clusterbaseurl=file:///media/rhel/Clusterenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-releasename=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - ClusterStoragebaseurl=file:///media/rhel/ClusterStorageenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-releasename=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Serverbaseurl=file:///media/rhel/Serverenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-releasename=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - VTbaseurl=file:///media/rhel/VTenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
2.1 RHEL6的YUM配置
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Source#baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/enabled=1gpgcheck=1#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-releasegpgkey=file:///media/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-releasename=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever Beta - $basearch - Sourcebaseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/beta/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/enabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta,file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
3.
#mkdir -p /var/rhel/{Cluster,ClusterStorage,Server,VT}
4.
生成rpm依赖关系及组信息，在RHEL 5中每个目录下的repodata目录下都有一个repomd.xml，
该文件中就记录了rpm包的依赖关系，还有一个comps-rhel5-*.xml文件，这个文件主要记录分组情况，建立yum仓库时，需要先重建该文件。当然，如果你系统还没有createrepo 命令，你需要安装createrepo 软件包:
# cd /media/rhel/Server# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm#createrepo -o /var/rhel/Cluster -g /media/rhel/Cluster/repodata/comps-rhel5-cluster.xml /media/rhel/Cluster#createrepo -o /var/rhel/ClusterStorage -g /media/rhel/ClusterStorage/repodata/comps-rhel5-cluster-st.xml /media/rhel/ClusterStorage#createrepo -o /var/rhel/Server -g /media/rhel/Server/repodata/comps-rhel5-server-core.xml /media/rhel/Server#createrepo -o /var/rhel/VT -g /media/rhel/VT/repodata/comps-rhel5-vt.xml /media/rhel/VT
5.
#mount --bind /var/rhel/Cluster/repodata /media/rhel/Cluster/repodata#mount --bind /var/rhel/ClusterStorage/repodata /media/rhel/ClusterStorage/repodata#mount --bind /var/rhel/Server/repodata /media/rhel/Server/repodata#mount --bind /var/rhel/VT/repodata /media/rhel/VT/repodata
6. 清除yum缓存
#yum clean all
7. yum的使用技巧：
# yum install [-y ]package
-y：不提示用户确认直接安装
# yum localinstall rpmfile
install与localinstall的区别：install直接通过yum服务器端安装指定包及所有依赖关系，而localinstall是本地已有rpm文件，只要到yum服务器上安装依赖关系。
# yum grouplist
显示所有yum服务器定义的组
# yum groupinstall packagegroup
一次性安装yum服务器上定义的一组包
# yum remove package# yum groupremove packagegroup# yum search searcherm
查找yum服务器上所有符合searcherm关键字的内容
# yum list
列出yum服务器所有可用的包
# yum info package# yum groupinfo grouppackgroup# yum whatprovides filename
8.关闭服务器的高级电源管理
服务器的高级电源管理可能会造成网络异常，如防火墙模块被卸载等问题：
kernel: Removing netfilter NETLINK layer.
service acpid stopchkconfig acpid off
页:
[1]