高性能缓存服务器Squid架构配置

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高性能缓存服务器Squid架构配置

随着网站访问人数越来越多，承受的并发和压力也越来越高，这时候我们需要对网站和架构进行优化，今天我们来讨论使用Squid对架构进行优化，缓存网站。网上对squid描述的文章也有成千上万，我这里简单记录一下实践的步骤。

一、实施环境

• 系统版本：CentOSx86_64 5.8
• Squid版本：squid-2.6
• Nginx版本：nginx-1.4.2
  

二、正式安装
安装之前我们需要对系统进行优化，主要优化系统内核相关参数，仅供参考：

1.     #sysctl.conf config 2014-03-26
   
2.     net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
   
3.     net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
   
4.     net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
   
5.     kernel.sysrq = 0
   
6.     kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
   
7.     net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
   
8.     kernel.msgmnb = 65536
   
9.     kernel.msgmax = 65536
   
10.     kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
    
11.     kernel.shmall = 4294967296
    
12.     net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 10000
    
13.     net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1
    
14.     net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
    
15.     net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096        87380   4194304
    
16.     net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096        16384   4194304
    
17.     net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
    
18.     net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
    
19.     net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
    
20.     net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
    
21.     net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
    
22.     net.core.somaxconn = 262144
    
23.     net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
    
24.     net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
    
25.     net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
    
26.     net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
    
27.     net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
    
28.     net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
    
29.     net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
    
30.     net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
    
31.     net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
    
32.     net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 15
    
33.     net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024    65535

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接下来上自动安装Squid脚本，里面分别配置了两个虚拟主机域名，前端有LVS，LVS均衡后端多组squid集群，根据命中率去调整squid集群的数量，Squid后端均衡Nginx或者Apache。（完整的架构LVS+Keepalived+Squid+Nginx+Resin/Tomcat/PHP+MySQL集群）
简单逻辑图如下：

直接上脚本：

1.     #!/bin/sh
   
2.     #Auto make install squid server
   
3.     #Author wugk 2014-03-26
   
4.     SQUID_CNF=/etc/squid/squid.conf
   
5.     CACHE_DIR=(
   
6.         /data/cache1
   
7.         /data/cache2
   
8.     )
   
9.     #Install squid shell
   
10.     yum install -y squid
    
11.     #config squid.conf
    
12.     cat >>$SQUID_CNF <<EOF
    
13.     #global config squid.conf 2014-03-26
    
14.     http_port 80 accel vhost vport
    
15.     cache_peer 192.168.149.128 parent 80 0 originserver name=wugk1
    
16.     cache_peer 192.168.149.129 parent 80 0 originserver name=wugk2
    
17.     cache_peer_domain wugk1 www.wugk1.com
    
18.     cache_peer_domain wugk2 www.wugk2.com
    
19.     visible_hostname localhost
    
20.     forwarded_for off
    
21.     via off
    
22.     cache_vary on
    
23.     #acl config
    
24.     acl manager proto cache_object
    
25.     acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32
    
26.     acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32
    
27.     acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8     # RFC1918 possible internal network
    
28.     acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12  # RFC1918 possible internal network
    
29.     acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16 # RFC1918 possible internal network
    
30.     acl SSL_ports port 443
    
31.     acl Safe_ports port 80 8080         # http
    
32.     acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
    
33.     acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
    
34.     acl all src 0.0.0.0/0
    
35.     acl CONNECT method CONNECT
    
36.     http_access allow manager localhost
    
37.     http_access deny manager
    
38.     http_access deny !Safe_ports
    
39.     http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
    
40.     http_access allow localnet
    
41.     http_access allow localhost
    
42.     http_access allow all
    
43.     acl PURGE method PURGE
    
44.     http_access allow PURGE localhost
    
45.     http_access deny PURGE
    
46.     #squid config 2014-03-25
    
47.     cache_dir aufs /data/cache1 10240 16 256
    
48.     cache_dir aufs /data/cache2 10240 16 256
    
49.     cache_mem 4000 MB
    
50.     maximum_object_size 8 MB
    
51.     maximum_object_size_in_memory 256 KB
    
52.     hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ?
    
53.     coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
    
54.     refresh_pattern ^ftp:           1440    20%     10080
    
55.     refresh_pattern ^gopher:        1440    0%      1440
    
56.     refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0     0%      0
    
57.     refresh_pattern \.(jpg|png|gif|mp3|xml|html|htm|css|js) 1440    50%     2880    ignore-reload
    
58.     refresh_pattern .               0       20%     4320
    
59.     EOF
    
60.     #config cache_dir
    
61.     mkdir -p  ${CACHE_DIR[@]} ;chown -R squid:squid  ${CACHE_DIR[@]}
    
62.     #restart squid server
    
63.     /etc/init.d/squid restart
    
64.     if
    
65.         [ "$?" == "0" ];then
    
66.         echo "The Squid Server Install Successfully !!"
    
67.     else
    
68.         echo "The Squid Server Install Failed !!,Please Check Log......"                                                                                                                                                                          
    
69.     fi

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最后测试，前端LVS截图（注LVS此处不配置了，博客有专门的安装方法）

通过浏览器查看head头，缓存命中情况截图如下：

通过命令

• squidclient -p 80 mgr:info |egrep "(Request Hit Ratios|Byte Hit Ratios)"
  

查看缓存命中率如下：

三、批量清空缓存
使用Shell脚本批量清空squid缓存脚本auto_clean_cache.sh

1.     #!/bin/sh
   
2.     DIR=/data/cache/
   
3.     Command=/usr/sbin/squidclient
   
4.     if
   
5.             [ "$1" = "" ];then
   
6.             echo "Usage:{$0 "\$1" ,Example exec $0 forum.php}"
   
7.             exit
   
8.     fi
   
9.     grep -r -a $1 ${DIR} | strings | grep "http:"|grep -v "=" >list.txt
   
10.     count=`cat list.txt|wc -l`
    
11.     if
    
12.             [ "$count" -eq "0" ];then
    
13.             echo -e "---------------------------------\nThe $1 cache already update,Please exit ......"   
    
14.             exit
    
15.     fi
    
16.     while read line
    
17.     do
    
18.             $Command -m PURGE -p 80 "$line" >>/dev/null
    
19.             if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
    
20.             echo -e "----------------------------------\nThe $line cache update successfully!"
    
21.             fi
    
22.     done < list.txt

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脚本执行：

1.     [root@node2 ~]# sh auto_clean_cache.sh forum.php
   
2.     ----------------------------------
   
3.     The http://www.wugk2.com/forum.php cache update successfully!
   
4.     [root@node2 ~]#

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更多squid优化及深入配置后期更新。


http://os.51cto.com/art/201404/435129.htm


高性能缓存服务器Squid架构配置